Kufufuza Mayankho Okhazikika: Pulasitiki Yowonongeka Kapena Yobwezeretsanso?

Kuwonongeka kwa pulasitiki kumabweretsa chiwopsezo chachikulu ku chilengedwe chathu, ndi matani opitilira 9 biliyoni apulasitiki opangidwa kuyambira m'ma 1950, komanso matani opitilira 8.3 miliyoni omwe amakhala m'nyanja zathu pachaka.Ngakhale kuyesayesa kwapadziko lonse lapansi, 9% yokha ya pulasitiki ndiyomwe imabwezeretsedwanso, zomwe zimasiya ambiri kuwononga chilengedwe chathu kapena kukhala m'malo otayiramo nthaka kwazaka zambiri.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zathandizira kwambiri vutoli ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zapulasitiki zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi monga matumba apulasitiki.Matumbawa, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mphindi 12 zokha, amalimbikitsa kudalira kwathu mapulasitiki otayidwa.Kuwonongeka kwawo kumatha kutenga zaka zopitilira 500, kutulutsa ma microplastic owopsa m'chilengedwe.

Komabe, pakati pazovutazi, mapulasitiki owonongeka ndi biodegradable amapereka yankho lodalirika.Wopangidwa kuchokera ku 20% kapena kupitilira apo, ma bio-pulasitiki amapereka mwayi wochepetsera kudalira kwathu pamafuta oyambira ndikuchepetsa mpweya wathu.PLA, yochokera ku zomera monga wowuma wa chimanga, ndi PHA, yopangidwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ndi mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya bio-pulasitiki yokhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Ngakhale mapulasitiki omwe amatha kuwonongeka amakhala ndi njira ina yabwinoko, ndikofunikira kuganizira momwe amapangira.Kukonza mankhwala ndi machitidwe aulimi okhudzana ndi kupanga bioplastic angathandize kuwononga chilengedwe komanso kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka.Kuonjezera apo, zipangizo zoyenera zotayira zinthu za bio-plastiki zimakhalabe zochepa, zomwe zikuwonetsa kufunikira kwa njira zonse zoyendetsera zinyalala.

Kumbali inayi, mapulasitiki obwezerezedwanso amapereka njira yolimbikitsira yokhala ndi mphamvu yotsimikiziridwa.Polimbikitsa zobwezeretsanso ndi kuyika ndalama muzomangamanga kuti zithandizire, titha kupatutsa zinyalala za pulasitiki kuchokera kumalo otayirako ndikuchepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe.Ngakhale mapulasitiki owonongeka akuwonetsa lonjezano, kusinthira ku chuma chozungulira, pomwe zida zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndikubwezerezedwanso, zitha kupereka yankho lokhazikika lanthawi yayitali pavuto lakuwonongeka kwa pulasitiki.